Gandhiji looked upon the khilafat agitation as an opportunity of uniting hindus and mohammedans as would not arise in a hundred years the non cooperation movement was launched on august 1, 1920. Pdf assam muslims in the khilafat and noncooperation. Launching of the noncooperation movement with the congress support to the khilafat movement, hindumuslim unity was achieved which encouraged gandhi to launch his nonviolent, noncooperation movement. Non cooperation and khilafat movement bihar psc exam notes. Champaran,kheda, khilafat and amritsar swarnav raj had shown a similar movement in south africa and in 1918 in champaran, bihar and kheda, gujarat that the only way to earn the respect and attention of angrez officials was to actively resist. February 1920 in early 1920, a joint hindumuslim deputation was sent to the viceroy to seek redress of grievances on the issue of khilafat, but the mission proved abortive. He gave a direction to the movement which resulted in unity and mutual non violent non cooperation movement.
Another was that the movement proceeded step by step. Moreover, when mahatma gandhi withdrew it and the congress ratified the withdrawal, the noncooperation movement ended, whereas the khilafat movement. After the decline of non cooperation khilafat movement, a large section of muslims felt alienated from the indian national congress. Khilafat movement and noncooperation movement by roman saini. Free pdf download of cbse class 10 social science history chapter 3 nationalism in india multiple choice questions with answers. The non cooperation movement was launched on 4th september, 1920 by mahatma gandhi with the aim of selfgovernance and obtaining full independence as the indian national congress inc withdraw its support for british reforms following the rowlatt act of 21 march 1919, and the jallianwala bagh massacre of april 1919 the rowlatt act in march 1919, suspended the rights of defendants in. Non cooperation movement on gandhis advice the central khilafat committee, on 28051920, accepted noncooperation as the only acceptable line of action. Khilafat movementthe khilafat movement 19191924 was an agitation on the part of some indian muslims, allied with the indian nationalist movement, during the years following world war i. The movement combined them as a nation and gave them a good lesson of unity.
Every little important detail about the khilafat movement and non cooperation movement explained by roman saini. In 1920, delhi session of all india khilafat committee was addresed by shankaracharya o puri. Its purpose was to pressure the british government to preserve the authority of the ottoman sultan as caliph of islam. The congress leaders, including gandhiji viewed the khilafat agitation as a golden opportunity for cementing the hindumuslim unity and bringing the muslim. Social science class 10 important questions history. This article throws light on the role of gandhiji in non cooperation and khilafat movement.
The wave of the movement which developed in the early 1920s as a consequence of the religious anxiety of the indian muslims over the spiritual and temporal authority of the khilafat as well as the territorial integrity of the turkish empire also. Even worse, the movement had acquired enough momentum for them to hold. The leaders of the khilafat movement joined hands with indian national congress for the upcoming non cooperation movement. At the calcutta session of the congress in september 1920, he convinced other leaders of the need to start a non cooperation movement in support of khilafat as well as for swaraj. Khilafat movement, panislamic force in india that arose in 1919 in an effort to salvage the ottoman caliph as a symbol of unity among muslims in india during the period of british rule. Gandhi, who was the president of the this committee, saw in the issue a platform from which mass and united non cooperation could be declared against the government. Download pdf thekhilafatmovementinindia free online.
Noncooperation movement, unsuccessful attempt in 192022, organized by mohandas mahatma gandhi, to induce the british government of india to grant selfgovernment, or swaraj, to india. An extremely important topic in modern indian history. During 191922, the british were opposed through two mass movementsthe khilafat and non cooperation. The colonial rule resulted in the unity of the hindus and the muslims. This unity reached its climax during the khilafat and the non cooperation movements. All of them responded to the call of swaraj, but the term meant different things to different people. In his famous book hind swaraj 1909 mahatma gandhi declared that british rule was established in india with the. Khilafat movement was a religiopolitical movement launched by the muslims of the british india for the retention of the ottoman caliphate or khilafat eusmania and for not letting for the muslim holy places go under the control of the non muslims. Download pdf right click and save as target or continue reading online. As we noted earlier, in one sense the non cooperation movement was the climax ot earlier movements.
Evaluation of khilafat non cooperation movement movement brought the urban muslims into the national movement, but at the same time it communalised the national politics, to an extent. The visible and open association of congress with hindu religious nationalist groups like the hindu mahasabha in mid 1920s made the muslims suspicious of congress motives. From 19191922 two important movements that happened were the khilafat movement and the non cooperation movement. The movement was initially bolstered by gandhis noncooperation movement but fell apart after the abolition of the caliphate in 1924.
Mar 23, 2017 every little important detail about the khilafat movement and non cooperation movement explained by roman saini. In this atmosphere emerged the khilafat issue around which developed the historic noncooperation movement. The movement began in 1919 and, under the leadership of the ali brothers, muhammad ali 18781931 and shaukat ali 18731938, assumed a mainly political character in. Gandhi had persuaded the indians to support the war efforts of the british during the first world war. Noncooperation movement features of the nonviolent non. It was one of gandhis first organized acts of largescale civil disobedience satyagraha. With the non cooperation movement, nationalist sentiments reached every nook and corner of the country and politicised every strata of population.
Oct 18, 2018 the most important cause of the non cooperation movement was the khilafat movement started in 1919 which brought the muslims and the hindus on a common platform against the british rule. The khilafat movement enabled gandhi to spread his noncooperation movement in the whole country. Integral to this was the muslims desire to influence the treatymaking process. Dec 14, 2017 he gave a direction to the movement which resulted in unity and mutual non violent non cooperation movement. The programme of non violent non cooperation included the boycott of councils, courts and schools, set up by the british and of all foreign cloth. Khilafat movement international encyclopedia of the. Though the two movements emerged from separate issues, they adopted a common programme of actionthat of non violent non cooperation.
Noncooperation movement and khilafat movement in india. Though emerging out of separate issues both these movements. Most prominent among them were the rowlatt act, the j a11anwala bagh trag ad. The all india congress committee that met at varansasi on 305 urged the british government to recall the viceroy and award punishment to sir michael odwyer for the jallianwala bagh. One of the reasons why the government of india was able to pursue its policy of non interference towards the non cooperation and khilafat movements was, as we have seen, their non violent character. Introduction there is an assumption that the muslims can only be mobilized politically if religion, and religious symbols are used. Indian national movement khilafat and non cooperation. The leaders in spite of their best efforts could not maintain the hindumuslim unity.
It aimed to rouse public opinion against the harsh treatment accorded to the ottoman empire after world war i and specifically against the treatment of the ottoman sultan and caliph khalifa. The british rule was opposed through two mass movements, khilafat and non cooperation. It was quite clear that the support of the congress was essential for the khilafat movement to. The british saw that the success of non cooperation would paralyse their administration.
Gandhis action of calling off the noncooperation movement at a moment when the government was about to make major concessions, was a severe setback to the movement. The wave of the movement which developed in the early 1920s as a consequence of the religious anxiety of the indian muslims over the spiritual and temporal authority. Pdf noncooperation movement, launched under the leadership of gandhi. The ali brothers and their allies, in turn, provided the non cooperation movement with some of its most enthusiastic followers.
Main phases of khilafat and noncooperation movement, 192022. The non cooperation movement was a decisive step in the independence movement because, for the first time, the inc was ready to forego constitutional means to achieve selfrule. Very soon the khilafat, question also lost relevance. Gandhi espoused the khilafat cause, as he saw in it the opportunity to rally muslim support for nationalism. The khilafat movement download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. The khilafat committee started the non cooperation movement on 31 august 1920.
This decision of gandhiji was not supported by some of the radical nationalists of congress. By critics, it is regarded as one of the political agitation based on a panislamist, fundamentalist platform and being largely indifferent to the cause of indian independence. Gandhi ji declared that the khilafat issue was more important than constitutional reforms and even the. The khilafat, hijrat and gandhis noncooperationmovement. In his famous book hind swaraj 1909 mahatma gandhi declared. Launching of the non cooperation movement with the congress support to the khilafat movement, hindumuslim unity was achieved which encouraged gandhi to launch his non violent, non cooperation movement.
The leaders of the khilafat movement now changed strategy and launched a non cooperation movement. Central khilafat committee organized an all india hartal on 1st august, 1920, under the guidance of gandhiji. The demands of the khilafat committee and the congress were merged and gandhi was asked to lead the movement. If it is true, it means that politics requires religion to survive and to play an. Reasons for the failure of the khilafat movement gandhis action of calling off the non cooperation movement at a moment when the government was about to make major concessions, was a severe setback to the movement. Maulana azad did write about it being mandatory to participate in the non cooperation movement and publicly gave speeches on this. The combined khilafat non cooperation movement was the first allindia agitation against british rule. About non cooperation movement authorstream presentation.
Read this article to learn about the khilafat and noncooperation movement in india against british. Gandhiji returned the kaiserihind medal awarded to him for his services in the war. The non cooperation movement was launched on 4th september, 1920 by mahatma gandhi with the aim of selfgovernance and obtaining full independence as the indian national congress inc withdraw its support for british reforms following the rowlatt act of 21 march 1919, and the jallianwala bagh massacre of april 1919. Chapter five gandhism and the noncooperation movement. Discuss pakistan affairs css paper 2015 khilafat movement was an emotional movement 1. Khilafat and noncooperation movement in india against british. Evaluation of khilafat noncooperation movement movement brought the urban muslims into the national movement, but at the same time it communalised the national politics, to an extent. Gandhiji had assured that swaraj would be achieved in a year if this movement was continued to completion. The noncooperation movement was launched on 1 st august 1920 by the indian national congress inc under the leadership of mahatma gandhi. The british after the first world war imposed humiliating terms on the ruler of turkey who was also the caliph of islam. Noncooperation movement and khilafat movement in india ias. The khilafat movement 19191924 was a panislamic, political protest campaign launched by muslims in british india to influence the british government and to protect the ottoman empire during the aftermath of world war i. Khilafat movement international encyclopedia of the first.
Non cooperation movement 1920 1922 study material exams. It saw an unprecedented degree of hindumuslim cooperation and it established gandhi and his technique of non violent protest satyagraha at the center of the indian nationalist movement. Khilafat and non cooperation movement khilafat and non cooperation movement the politicallyconscious muslims were critical of the treatment meted out to the ottoman or turkish empire by britain and its allies who had partitioned it and taken away thrace from turkey proper. Champaran,kheda, khilafat and amritsar swarnav raj had shown a similar movement in south africa and in 1918 in champaran, bihar and kheda, gujarat that the only way to earn the respect and attention of angrez officials was to actively resist government activities through civil disobedience. Gandhi lost all faith in the british sense of justice and liberalism and decided to lauch a non cooperation movement. The programme of nonviolent noncooperation included the boycott of councils, courts and schools, set up by the british and of all foreign cloth. The khilafat movement evokes controversy and strong opinions. Role of gandhiji in noncooperation and khilafat movement. The non cooperation khilafat movement began in a january 1921 b february 1922 c december 1929 d april 1919. The jinnahs, gandhi and khilafat outlook india magazine. Muslims under the umbrella of a unified national movement. With the noncooperation movement, nationalist sentiments reached every nook and corner of the country and politicised every strata of population. One of the main reasons which caused a death blow to khilafat movement was the indirect announcement of gandhi to discontinue the non cooperation movement. Dec 02, 2017 suspension of non cooperation movement after the incidents of chauri chaura and the attack at the police outpost made gandhiji take a big decision to suspend the non cooperation movement.
To know details about the noncooperation movement for ias exam, aspirants should follow the entire article this article will provide relevant information about the non cooperation. The khilafat, hijrat and gandhis noncooperationmovement grin. Main phases of khilafat and non cooperation movement, 192022. Khilafat movement was an emotional movement pakistan. Khilafat movement, khijrat call to afghanistan, maulana azad. During 191922, the british were opposed through two mass movementsthe khilafat and noncooperation. On november 23 1919, the all india khilafat conference was organized at new delhi and later a khilafat manifesto was published which called upon the british to protect the caliphate.
Khilafat movement, non cooperation, chauri chaura assessment duration. The british saw that the success of noncooperation would paralyse their administration. The government arrested mahatma gandhiji on 10 march and charged him with spreading disaffection against the government. Reasons for the failure of the khilafat movement following factors can be attributed towards the failure of the movement. Which of the following was the reason for calling off the non cooperation. During the period of 1919 to 1922 congress and the khilafat movement was in the light. In order to organize a mass movement and launch an opinionforming campaign, a committee was formed on nov. The movement began in 1919 and, under the leadership of the ali brothers, muhammad ali 18781931 and shaukat ali 18731938, assumed a mainly political character in alliance with the indian national congress, adopting the noncooperation programme in may 1920. Rowlatt act, 1919 jallianwala bagh massacre khilafat. Various social groups participated in this movement, each with its own specific aspiration. The khilafat movement added much to the economic miseries of the muslims who resigned their jobs. Suspension of noncooperation movement after the incidents of chauri chaura and the attack at the police outpost made gandhiji take a big decision to suspend the noncooperation movement. Khilafat movement 19191924 importance pdf download.
Though the two movements emerged from separate issues, they adopted a common programme of actionthat of nonviolent non cooperation. The khilafat movement enabled gandhi to spread his non cooperation movement in the whole country of india. The khilafat movement, also known as the indian muslim movement 191924, was a panislamist political protest campaign launched by muslims of british india led by shaukat ali, mohammad ali jauhar, hakim ajmal khan, and abul kalam azad to restore the caliph of the ottoman caliphate, who was considered the leader of sunni muslims, as an effective political authority. Khilafat movement and noncooperation movement by roman. As we noted earlier, in one sense the noncooperation movement was the climax ot earlier movements. The khilafat conference was held at sindh in july 1920. Seeing the opportunity, mahatma gandhi quickly affiliated himself with the khilafat movement. It signified a new chapter in the history of indian freedom struggle. Mcq questions for class 10 social science nationalism in. However, compare that to the non cooperation movement for swaraj khilafat and you will see how much mass participation was involved in that.
The non cooperation khilafat movement began in january 1921. During 191922, the british were opposed through two mass movementsthe khilafat. Mutiny of jamiatululemaihind on 6, september 1920 issued fatwa of tarkemawalat. One byproduct of the khilafat movement was the hijrat movement. Khilafat movement 19191924 the lucknow pact showed that it was possible for middleclass, englisheducated muslims and hindus to arrive at an amicable settlement on hindumuslim constitutional and political problems. The most important cause of the non cooperation movement was the khilafat movement started in 1919 which brought the muslims and the hindus on a common platform against the british rule. In the year 1919 the indian national congress decided to support the muslim on the khilafat issue, and authorized gandhi to chalk out a road map.
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